ASSESSING THE BIDA WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
Abstract:
Bida Town is currently experiencing rapid expansion but faces a critical shortage of clean drinking water, leading to the utilization of various water sources and occasional outbreaks of waterborne diseases. To address this issue, we conducted an EPANET system analysis of the town’s pipe network, examining both its current state and future demands. Our analysis involved collecting population data, pipe specifications (lengths and diameters), elevation data, and water demand statistics. EPANET is a computer program based on the Hardy Cross method, which facilitates the extended period simulation of hydraulic behavior and water quality in pressurized pipe networks.
Our study revealed that the existing Bida distribution network falls short of meeting consumer demand. The simulation results indicated negative pressures at five nodes, low velocities in nine pipes, and high headloss in ten pipes. These inadequacies primarily affect areas along loops 6 and 7, including G.R.A, the Ramatu Dangana axis, and the vicinity of Bida Town Hall on Ahmadu Bello Way. To rectify these issues, we propose several corrective measures, such as adjusting pipe diameters, installing thrust blocks, and incorporating washouts. Additionally, we considered a 30-year future design period and recommend employing both hydraulic and urban development strategies to address distribution system inadequacies in anticipated scenarios.
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