EVALUATING PLATEAU STATE TOURISM POLICY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN THE STATE FROM 2019 – 2021.

0
460
You can download this material now from our portal

EVALUATING PLATEAU STATE TOURISM POLICY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN THE STATE FROM 2019 – 2021.

 

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction

Background of the study

Research on tourism policy began in 1990s. This is evidenced by a 1996 research by Kadar on the implementation of a tourism development policy in Aceh province. By the same token, Habbibuw (1997) conducted research on the implementation of a tourism development policy in the Mojokerto district. Toward the late 1990s, 1999 to be exact, Pakpahan conducted a study on the implementation of tourism institutional development policy in the tourism office of the Yogyakarta city government. Some of the key issues that were the focus of the previous studies on tourism development policies in various areas included funding sources and resources, communication, and disposition of program implementers in influencing the performance of the program. Results underscored the importance of the four factors in the success or lack of it, of tourism development programs. Research on tourism policy during the 2000s continued to focus on the same factors that were also central to research in the 1990s. This is reflected in the focus of the research that continued to be the influence of funding and other resources, communication, disposition of policy implementers, and the bureaucracy on the performance of tourism development programs. A study by Huttapea (2001) on the implementation of tourism activities in Jayapura city is a good example of such research. Besides, other researchers embarked on research that evaluated the performance of tourism planning based on an input-output model. Such research was conducted by Basri (2002). Basri’s study investigated the performance of the implementation of RIPPDA, West Kalimantan province, while another study by Dewi (2005) on the effectiveness of implementing tourism development policy in Palembang was another one. As regards tourism policy, some researchers investigated tourism policy outcomes and benefits. A study by Rettob (2008) on the implementation of RIPPDA in Papua province, and another one by Agistiani (2014) on the implementation of poverty reduction policy in Brayut tourism village. Observation of previous research on tourism policy leads to the conclusion that the economic aspect of the sector has attracted the most research attention. Some researchers who have conducted studies on the economic development of tourism include (Brida & Risso, 2010; Hall, 2009; Haydock, 2014; Yang & Chen, 2009), while other researchers carried out studies on the relationship between tourism economic development and tourism products and services, in this case, tourist attractions (Getz & Page, 2005; O’Sullivan, Pickernella, & Senyardb, 2009; Preuss, 2009; Robertson, Rogers, & Leask, 2009). Nonetheless, not all previous research on tourism policy focused on tourism economic policy. Some researchers investigated the policy that regulates the collaboration among stakeholders in the tourism sector (Theodoraki, 2009; Wesley & Pforr, 2010; Yaghmour & Scott, 2009). This is an indication that the focus of research on tourism economic policy is increasingly being tailored toward the economic aspects. In addition to economic aspects, some research on tourism policy investigates social aspects. Some of the researchers have focused on social aspects of tourism policy such as (Curry & Brown, 2010; Doherty, 2009; Nunkoo & Ramkissoon, 2010; Roberts, 2010; Saayman, Van der Merwe, Saayman, & Mouton, 2009). Some researchers investigated the sustainability of tourism development (Dredge & Whitford, 2011; Hall, 2011), and others have looked into community-based tourism (Wray, 2011). To that end, it is apparent that developments in research on tourism policy have delved into the economic, and social aspects of society who live in the vicinity of tourist attractions. In a study on tourism policy, Veriani (2009) used the Edward III model to identify factors that influence successful implementation. Virani (2009) found that determinants of the successful implementation of tourism policy include, resources, attitude, and disposition of implementers of the policy, and the bureaucratic system that implements the policy. In the same vein, research by Fianna (2008) found that resources, communication, attitude, and disposition of implementers of the policy and bureaucracy system are key determinants of the success of policy performance. Based on the foregoing, it is apparent that research results showed that financial resources, and other resources as well as human resources influence the implementation of the policy. In addition, the attitude and disposition of implementers of activities are also key factors that influence the performance of the tourism policy.

1.2    Statement of the problem

In recent years tourism has known as a profitable and entrepreneurial industry that can have a great role in the foreign exchange balance of countries. As a service industry, tourism is labor-intensive, plays a significant role in generating employment opportunities, and helps reduce unemployment rates. Tourism provides an important way to expand a country’s economic base through linkages with the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors. Also, as Goeldner (2006) pointed out, tourism is believed to have a positive effect on world peace. As people travel from place to place with a sincere desire to learn more about their global neighbors, knowledge, and understanding grow. Then at least a start has been made in improving world communication, which seems so important in building bridges of mutual appreciation, respect, and friendship. But tourism has not found its real place in Iran. Iran’s strength as a tourist destination is that it is unspoiled and not overdeveloped, especially in terms of the environment and its unique and rich culture and heritage. Iran has a suitable geographical situation and natural endowments (e.g. Iran has 12 out of 17 kinds of climate) and thousand registered historical attractions. This makes the country a strong tourism product that is waiting to flourish. 6 Although Iran is on the list of 10 superior countries of the world from the view point of tourist attractions, the share of Iran from the income of tourism industry in the world, is just 0.04% (Jam, F. 2006, November 28. Tourism, a Disturbed Industry. Hamshahry, pp.7) According to the anticipation of WTO, in future, the tourism industry will be on top of the other sectors from the viewpoint of income and the most significant part of international trade will be allocated to tourism. It is notable that the income of this industry, after oil, is the most significant amount in the world. Tourism is one of the dynamic parts of the world’s economy that is used for the growth and development of the economy and society. This industry has always been taken into consideration as one of the goals and master plans of societies with tourist attractions.

1.3    Objective of the study

The main objective of this study is to evaluate Plateau State tourism policy for the development of tourism in the state from 2019 – 2021.

To examine the Plateau State tourism policy and development of tourism in the state

To examine the contribution of tourism towards the development of plateau state

To examine the challenges of implementing Plateau State tourism policy in the state

1.4    Research Question

What is the effect of Plateau State tourism policy and the development of tourism in the state?

What is the contribution of tourism towards the development of the plateau state?

What are the challenges of implementing Plateau State tourism policy in the state?

1.5    Research Hypothesis

There is no significant effect of Plateau State tourism policy and development of tourism in the state

There is no significant effect of the contribution of tourism towards the development of the plateau state

There is no significant effect of the challenges of implementing Plateau State tourism policy in the state

1.6    Significance of the study

The findings of this study would be beneficial to the researchers, the Ministry of tourism, students, and policymakers.

The findings would provide useful information to the tourism managers on the appropriate tourism policies to be adopted that will bring about effective tourism policy implementation.

This study would also be significant in the sense that its finding would serve as reference materials for future researchers to carry out further studies in the field of knowledge under study

The study will be of immense benefit to the entire Cross River State, the federal government, and other researchers as the research will discuss the importance of the tourism industry in Nigeria, the study will also discuss the role, the contribution of the tourism industry in the area of employment generation, the national income and cultural exchange in Nigeria

1.7    Scope of the study

The study was delimited to evaluating Plateau State tourism policy to the development of tourism in the state from 2019 – 2021

1.8 Limitations of the study

In every research work, the researcher may likely encounter some limitations. The researcher encountered some challenges during the period of carrying out this research. Some of these challenges include the dearth of materials for proper and effective research work constituted a major limitation. Again, how to get the true and required information from the respondents through a questionnaire also constituted a constraint in the study.

 

EVALUATING PLATEAU STATE TOURISM POLICY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN THE STATE FROM 2019 – 2021. GET MORE  POLITICAL SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS

 

Leave a Reply