STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ EXPENDITURE IN T ERTIARY INSTITUTIONS (A CASE STUDY OF IMT ENUGU 2004/2005 SESSIONS)

ABSTRACT

The aims of this project are to describe the various ways in which students spend their money and to advise them on how to spend their money judiciously.

About three hundred and sixty questionnaires were distributed randomly to six schools and one hundred and forty valid returns of questionnaires were gathered.

From the analyses, it was discovered that despite the hard earned income of parents, most students insist on spending their money extravagantly.  This is mostly found commonly   the female students.  According to the data age was identified as one of the major factors which influence the spending habit of students.  Students below twenty – five years spend higher than students above twenty-five years.  We also noted that students whose parents are wealthy spend much higher than students whose parents are averagely rich.

Finally, students should judiciously spend money only on important items and should avoid ostentations spending.

APPENDICES

1a        Computation of variance from pilot survey

1b        Computation of sample size

2a        Data on students’ spending habit

2b        F – ratio table

3a        Questionnaires

LIST OF TABLES

1.                  Distribution of students by school

2.                  Allocation of questionnaire s (pilot survey) to the size schools

3.                  Allocation of questionnaires to different schools

4.                  Average monthly spending of students’ in relation to their parents’ status

5.                  Average monthly spending of students by age group.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

1.1              Introduction

1.2              Aims and objective

1.3              Definition of terms and concepts

CHAPTER TWO

2.0       Literature Review

CHAPTER THREE

3.1              Source of data

3.2              Sampling frame

TABLE 1       THE DISTRIBUTION OF REGULAR STUDENTS

3.3              Sampling plan

3.4              Reasons for stratification

3.5              Method of data collection

3.6              Problems encountered during data collection

3.7              Pilot survey

3.8              Assumption for stratification

3.9              Table 2 allocation of questionnaires (pilot survey) to the six schools a nd their valid returns

3.10          Determination of variance

3.11          Determination of sample size

3.12          Theoritical frame work

CHAPTER FOUR

ANALYSIS

4.1              Analysis Involving Test Of Two Means

4.2              Anova Involving Test Of Two Means

CHAPTER FIVE

Findings, recommendation and conclusion

References

Appendix

Questionnaire

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1       BACKGROUND OF TH STUDY

            Spending is referred to the total expenditure of an individual, government or an organization.

            Having said this, government can spend money for projects like building of schools, construction of roads, establishments of electricity, etc and these erupt development in our country.  Parents also later for the need of their children and enrich them with huge sums of money as pocket money.  Some of the student’s need which propel them to spend could be enumerated thus: school fees, hotel fees, feeding, transport fares, drinks and educational materials, etc.

            Taking you years backs, Nigeria had a good economy.  Government and parents spent much of their money without any pains.  Students and that time used money recklessly because there was a good economy and balanced with monetary value in the market.

            From 1980 till now, we have been experiencing our increasing an unexpected inflation of goods

1.3       DEFINITION OF TERMS AND CONCEPTS STATUS 

            It is the social or professional position of somebody in relation to others:

Income:

            This is the earning of an individual in taking part in production of goods and services.

Expenditure is broken into meaningful and logical categories namely:

A         Food:

            It is anything we eat for the nourishment and growth of the body.

B         Clothing and Foot-Wears

            Clothing are those things that we use to cover our body because of cold and diseases. While foot – wears are those things that we wear on our feet so as to prevent us from wound and diseases.

C.        Drinks

            It is either alcoholic or non-alcoholic liquor.

D.        Make-ups

            These include such thing as powder, pomerde, up-sticks, eye-pencil, etc.

E.        Educational Materials

            These are materials used for academic works like books, mathematical sets, drawing sheets, calculators, etc.

F.         Projects

            This includes field-works, research – work, term paper, etc.

G.        Hobbies

            It is occupation for one’s leisure time, for example reading, sports and listening to music.

H.        Entertainment

            This includes film show, parties, cinema, which we use for enjoyment and relaxation of the body.

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